THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VIOLENT AND INFORMATIONAL EXTREMISM: THEORETICAL BASICS AND EXPERIENCE OF COUNTERMEASURE

Abstract

The article provides a comprehensive assessment of the correlation between violent and informational extremism based on the consideration of the problem of the development of this phenomenon in certain information and other social communities. The author emphasizes the complexity of extremism, historical variability and numerous variants, ideological saturation, lack of research, focus on the prohibition of certain types, forms and methods of violent political activity, as well as the identification of ways to protect certain objects from extremist attacks. The author emphasizes the national approach to the prohibition of violent extremism, linking it to the phenomena of terrorism, racism, xenophobia, etc. The criteria for classifying extremist behavior as "violent" are summarized on the example of EU member states, certain international security organizations and the UN. It is concluded that when addressing the issue of national or international security, individual security institutions should base their own measures to prevent and counter violent extremism on its broadest interpretation, assumptions of serious consequences of the actions of an extremist, and the strategy of "mitigating violent extremism" through non-coercive measures. As a means of implementing the general principles of the "Programming for Resilience against Violent Extremism" proclaimed by the European Commission, the author suggests that the components of the security and defense sector of Ukraine should take into account the EU principles and policies, while implementing measures to ensure national security and at the same time integrating into the socio-political institutions of the EU and NATO, as well as the state of development and the existing legal regime for limiting information and legal relations by means of ensuring national security. The author sees the above-mentioned principles of correlation between violent and informational extremism in countering each of them as the basis for the adoption of the basic Law of Ukraine "On Countering Extremism".